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History Resources

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book

October 25, 2026 | Leave a Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

Back when I started my Ancient Greece unit study I began with science. Now, I have numerous hands-on Ancient Greece activities and two free lapbooks. Go here to Fun Ancient Greece Homeschool Unit Study and Lapbook and Free Awesome Ancient Greece Lapbook and Fun Hands-on Activities to grab both free lapbooks.

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book. Back when I started my Ancient Greece unit study I began with science. Now, I have numerous hands-on Ancient Greece activities and two free lapbooks. Go here to Fun Ancient Greece Homeschool Unit Study and Lapbook and Free Awesome Ancient Greece Lapbook and Fun Hands-on Activities to grab both free lapbooks. I have the book Classical Kids: An Activity Guide to Life in Ancient Greece.

I have the book Classical Kids: An Activity Guide to Life in Ancient Greece and Rome (Hands-On History) and so Tiny quickly opened it to find something he wanted to try.

He was reading about Ancient Greeks studying refraction. We did this when the boys were little, but as is the case when you have younger children, they don’t remember what you did with the older kids.

First, look at some of the books I gathered for our Ancient Greece unit study.

BOOKS ABOUT ANCIENT GREECE FOR KIDS

8 Living History Books about Ancient Greece

You'll love this roundup of living history books about Ancient Greece.

Image for D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths

D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths

In print for over fifty years, D'Aulaires Book of Greek Myths has introduced generations to Greek mythology—and continues to enthrall young readers. Here are the greats of ancient Greece—gods and goddesses, heroes and monsters—as freshly described in words and pictures as if they were alive today. No other volume of Greek mythology has inspired as many young readers as this timeless classic. Both adults and children alike will find this book a treasure for years to come. “For any child fortunate enough to have this generous book . . . the kings and heroes of ancient legend will remain forever matter-of-fact; the pictures interpret the text literally and are full of detail and witty observation.”—The Horn Book

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Image for Ancient Greece for Kids Through the Lives of its Philosophers, Lawmakers, and Heroes (History for Kids - Traditional, Story-Based Format)

Ancient Greece for Kids Through the Lives of its Philosophers, Lawmakers, and Heroes (History for Kids - Traditional, Story-Based Format)

The suggested reader age for this book is 8 to 14 years old. To write this book, I went back to Herodotus, Plutarch, Diogenes Laertius, and other ancient sources of biographical anecdotes, and extracted from them the stories that will be most memorable to a modern kid. I retold them without adding any fictional color. I have omitted some things, however. Anything gruesome or seriously cruel is not included. Anything off-color, or outside traditional-family-friendly morality is not included. I have included only accounts of the most major battles, and without much detail. Battles are important, but as a kid - maybe as a girl - I was falling asleep over the ancient battles. Politics: Again, I have included only major turns of events.

I wove the information about the social order and geography of Ancient Greece into the stories of the era's historical figures. So, no worries, the kid will learn about the Agora and Acropolis of Athens, the city-states of Corinth and Sparta, daily life in an Ancient Greek household, the major Greek temples, and the three orders of Ancient Greek architecture. This book is richly illustrated. I don't agree that if you are 13 or 16 you should be content with pages and pages of text and no pictures. Illustrations help both kids and grownups to visualize - and therefore to remember - events and descriptions. I have illustrated the book mostly with paintings portraying historical figures or everyday life in classical Greece. Whenever I could, I chose late 19th century and early 20th century art over the older neoclassical paintings for a more accurate representation of the Ancient Greek costume and environment.

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Image for The Iliad for Boys and Girls

The Iliad for Boys and Girls

The Iliad is typically described as one of the greatest war stories of all time. Set during the Trojan War, this timeless poem vividly conveys the horror and heroism of men and gods wrestling with towering emotions and battling amid devastation and destruction. Homer's tale is a compassionate view of human life lived under the shadow of suffering and death in the face of an often uncaring divinity.

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Image for Archimedes and the Door of Science (Living History Library)

Archimedes and the Door of Science (Living History Library)

Jeanne Bendick, through text and pictures, admirably succeeds in bringing to life the ancient Greek mathematician who enriched mathematics and all branches of science. Against the backdrop of Archimedes' life and culture, the author discusses the man's work, his discoveries and the knowledge later based upon it. The simple, often humorous, illustrations and diagrams greatly enhance the text.

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Image for The Great Philosophers: Socrates, Plato & Aristotle - Ancient Greece - 5th Grade Biography - Children's Biographies

The Great Philosophers: Socrates, Plato & Aristotle - Ancient Greece - 5th Grade Biography - Children's Biographies

You have probably heard about Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. When it comes to ancient minds who created foundations in philosophy, science, and math, these three names would automatically come up. But what exactly did they do to warrant immense respect and admiration? Well, your fifth grader will soon find out from this biography book.

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Image for Marathon Looks on the Sea

Marathon Looks on the Sea

Illustrated by Erwin Schachner. The story of the Battle of Marathon and how it determined the future of Athens.

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Image for Life in Ancient Athens (Picture the Past)

Life in Ancient Athens (Picture the Past)

What was it like to live in Ancient Athens? All the people who lived in ancient Greece spoke the same language and worshipped the same gods and goddesses. But they all lived in different city states a city and the land around it that it controlled. These city states were all run differently, and there were often fights between them. Despite their differences, there were things that united the city states. Find out more in this exciting title.

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Image for Growing Up In Ancient Greece (Growing Up In series)

Growing Up In Ancient Greece (Growing Up In series)

Describes daily life in ancient Greece, discussing life in the city, life in the country, school, ceremonies and festivals, food, and other aspects

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However, when you include your older kids this just means double fun because I get to do easy science activities again.

As the book brought out refraction is the way rays of light change when they pass from one thing to another that’s made of different material. That is what it means to have materials made of different density.

Ancient Greece Unit Study refraction activity and Ancient Greeks Pull Tab book @ Tina's Dynamic Homeschool Plus

So this activity was super easy but cool and I love the fact that all 3 things were found in my house.

ANCIENT GREEKS STUDY REFRACTION – EASY HANDS-ON SCIENCE ABOUT LIGHT

Here is the really short list of what you need:

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book
  • Pie or cake pan (dark coated, not glass or clear)
  • Coin
  • Pitcher of water

The activity is really easy. Tiny rounded up Mr. Awesome to help us. Mr. Awesome placed the coin right next to the side.

And Tiny stood a distance away so that the coin is hidden by the side.

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book

Then Mr. Awesome poured the water slowly into the container.

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book

As Mr. Awesome poured the water, it appeared to move to the center of the pan.

Of course the coin doesn’t move, it’s just that the light rays were distorted or bent as they passed through the water.

A bit of easy and quick science was enough to pique Tiny’s interest for the unit study.

In summary, refraction is the bending of light as it travels from one transparent material into another, such as from air into water or glass. It’s an important part of science because it helps explain many things we see in everyday life.

For example, light changes speed. When light travels from air into water or glass, its speed changes. If it enters at an angle, this causes the light to bend.

Since that is the activity he chose to do first, we focused on reading about some Greeks and what they were famous for.

I created a giant pull tab book which is Famous Greeks and their Contributions.

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book

Though there are many famous Greeks to focus on, I used the ones below and listed a bit of information about them.

It’s pretty easy to find information on the internet, but I am listing a few facts here for you too.

  • Aesop – storyteller; author of Aesop’s fables
  • Eratosthenes – geographer; first to describe the world as a globe
  • Euclid – mathematician; “Father of Geometry”
  • Aristotle – philosopher; student of Plato; tutor of Alexander the Great.
  • Archimedes – mathematician and inventor; calculated value of Pi; invented the lever; Archimedes Screw

For the giant pull tab book, just cut out all the pieces and write about each Greek on the box provided.

Ancient Greece Pull Tab 2 @ Tina's Dynamic Homeschool Plus

I have instructions on the minibook, but you will form a pocket with the two pieces and place the pull tab book inside.

Fun Ancient Greece Unit Study Ideas | Refraction Science | Free Pull Tab Book

I hope you like the first “little” giant pull tab book I have for our new unit study.

The lapbook is now complete. And I have two Ancient Greece lapbook.

Below, download the Ancient Greece lapbook which has this famous Ancient Greek pull tab book.

Look at the books included in this lapbook.

ANCIENT GREECE MINIBOOKS INCLUDED IN THIS LAPBOOK 2

  • Why Study About Ancient Greece
  • Go Fish pocket
  • Different Lives Athens and Sparta
  • Ancient Greeks About Greek (Life , Politics, History and gods)
  • Famous Greeks and their Contributions
  • Greek & Latin Root Words
  • Greece is Called the Birthplace of Civilizations
  • Can You Answer True or False

Now, how to grab the freebie.

It’s a subscriber freebie.

HOW TO GET THE FREE ANCIENT GREECE LAPBOOK NUMBER 2

That means when you sign up to follow me, you get my emails in your inbox and you get this freebie.

1) CLICK HERE ON THIS LINK TO SIGN UP ON MY EMAIL LIST & TO GET THIS FREEBIE

2) Grab the freebie instantly.

3) Last, look for all my emails in your inbox. Glad to have you following me!

Leave a CommentFiled Under: Ancient Civilizations, Hands-On Activities, History Based, History Resources, Lapbook, Science Based Tagged With: ancient civilizations, Ancient Greece, hands on history, hands-on, hands-on activities, handson, handsonhomeschooling, history, homeschool

Hands-on Ancient Mesopotamia: Easy STEM Irrigation Activity

October 17, 2026 | 3 Comments
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

Today, we’re doing a fun STEM irrigation in Ancient Mesopotamia activity. Also, look at my page Ancient Mesopotamia Fun Facts For Kids Who Love History for more hands-on history ideas. The study of Mesopotamia is one of our middle school requirements.

I’ve been really surprised by how much fun we’ve been having studying about this time period.

Hands-on Ancient Mesopotamia: Easy STEM Irrigation Activity

I’m sure the STEM projects we have been including may have something to do with it! We have this next one ready which is an easy stem irrigation activity.

Ancient Mesopotamia STEM Irrigation Activity

With this project, kids learn how this ancient civilization invented a system to grow crops.

The most extraordinary thing about this is that we still use this system today.

Irrigation has been the main contributor in the development of agriculture.

If you are studying about erosion in science, this could also double as a great STEM project for science too. Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System

About the Mesopotamians

In addition, Mesopotamia was a region situated along the Tigris-Euphrates River system located in Western Asia.

It’s where Kuwait, Iraq, sections of Saudi Arabia, the eastern sections of Syria, Southwestern Turkey, and parts of Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders are today.

The name Mesopotamia means “between rivers.”

It’s said this was the center of culture and where the influence of agriculture began.

Hands-on Ancient Mesopotamia: Easy STEM Irrigation Activity

Agriculture changed the game for ancient people. Instead of hunting and gathering, tribes of people were beginning to settle down and form civilizations.

The Mesopotamians were the first to develop a written language and invented the wheel.

They also built ships to travel the Persian Gulf in order to trade with other civilizations.

In the center of their cities they constructed temples of the many gods they worshiped.

The anatomy of these structures would have involved thousands of workers and would have taken many years to construct.

More Ancient Mesopotamia Activities for Kids

  • How to Make Unleavened Bread Ancient Mesopotamia Bread Recipe

Mesopotamia’s Engineering

In Southern Mesopotamia, the Sumerians built city walls and canals to prevent flooding.

The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers carried monstrous amounts of silt, resulting in fast rising rivers.

The irrigation system was of a basin type.

They would dig a hole in the embankment and then use mud to close it back up. Water was then lifted up using a swape, which is a pole acting as a lever.

Some of these canals may have been used for 1,000 years before they were left and others rebuilt.

Today, 3,000-4,000 years later, remains of the canals are still present.

To build your own Mesopotamia irrigation system you will need the following items:

  • a big baking pan
  • sand
  • cotton squares
  • water
  • pieces of wood/popsicle sticks
  • soil
  • green construction paper/green food coloring
  • sticks and leaves
  • monopoly houses
  • hot glue

Moreover, cover your table or do this outside. Have a trash can nearby, as this project tends to get messy.

Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System

I was able to find many of these supplies around the house. The only thing I had to buy was a big bag of sand from Home Depot.

Mesopotamia Irrigation System

This is what makes this STEM project really affordable. Start by filling up one side of the baking pan with cotton squares.

This will help prevent your sand from eroding when you fill up the river with water.

The other side will be the river. Play around with the sand until it begins to look like a beach.

After you get the look you want, begin sectioning off where you want to place the fields of crops. This is where you’ll need the soil.

Also, plan out little sections to build homes or temples to represent the cities.

Additionally, you’ll love these super hands-on history resources from Home School in the Woods.

Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System
Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System
Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System
Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System
Hands-On Ancient Mesopotamia: STEM Irrigation System


Using green construction paper, or leaves, place your crops in the fields. You can dye some of your sand green to represent fields. Use the sticks and leaves to look like trees.

We used the hot glue gun to glue the leaves onto the sticks.

Move on now to build your canals.

Ancient Civilization Irrigation System

Begin digging trenches in between the fields with a ditch leading out towards your river. (You’ll fill in the river in just a bit!)

Now that your canals have been dug, you will need a gate to control how much water will be needed for your crops.

Furthermore, you can use popsicle sticks, pieces of wood, or sticks to build a gate to fit between the edges of your canal.

The gate will need to be able to open and close, and it will need to be water proof. We hot glued pieces of popsicle sticks together.

Once your gate is built, install it into your canal.

Pour water into your river with the gate shut. If the water leaks keep modifying your gate.

The river should not be released into the canals until the gate opens.

Begin digging trenches in between the fields with a ditch leading out towards your river. (You’ll fill in the river in just a bit!)

Now that your canals have been dug, you will need a gate to control how much water will be needed for your crops.

Use popsicle sticks, pieces of wood, or sticks to build a gate to fit between the edges of your canal.

The gate will need to be able to open and close, and it will need to be water proof. We hot glued pieces of popsicle sticks together.

Once your gate is built, install it into your canal. Pour water into your river with the gate shut. If the water leaks keep modifying your gate. The river should not be released into the canals until the gate opens.

Hands-on History for Kids

Next, search online for pictures of irrigation systems of Mesopotamia if you are stuck. I found an image to show my kids before I let them go.

They always surprise me with ways to build things that I never would have thought to do.

Hands-on Ancient Mesopotamia: Easy STEM Irrigation Activity. We're doing a fun STEM irrigation in Ancient Mesopotamia activity. Also, look at my page Ancient Mesopotamia Fun Facts For Kids Who Love History for more hands-on history ideas. The study of Mesopotamia is one of our middle school requirements. I’m sure the STEM projects we have been including may have something to do with it! We have this next one ready which is an easy stem irrigation activity.

These ancient people were truly remarkable. I love being able to build small replicas of engineering systems so the kids can understand how they work.

Not only does it improve their comprehension of what is being read, it also improves their critical thinking as they try to build what they read!

You’ll love these other activities:

  • Hands-on Ancient Babylon: Hanging Gardens Fun Activity
  • Hands-on Geography Mesopotamia: Fun Salt Dough Map
  • Ancient Mesopotamia (Hands-on History): Cook Sebetu Rolls
  • Celtic Cakes Recipe – Ancient Mesopotamia Minibook

3 CommentsFiled Under: Ancient Civilizations, Hands-On Activities, History Resources Tagged With: ancient, ancient civilizations, earthscience, hands on history, hands-on, hands-on activities, handson, handsonhomeschooling, mesopotamia, science, STEM

Free 27 Week American History Study through Lapbooking In Chronological Order

July 1, 2026 | 16 Comments
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

I have rounded up 27 free American history lapbooks to keep American history fun, hands-on and covered in chronological order.

American history is more than a list of dates and famous names—it’s the story of how a nation grew, struggled, and changed over time. One of the most engaging ways to help children understand that story is by using lapbooks in chronological order.

There are enough lapbooks here to turn this easily into a year long study on American history.

Free 27 Week American History Study through Lapbooking In Chronological Order

Children naturally understand stories with a beginning, middle, and end. History is no different.

When students learn events in chronological order, they begin to see how one event leads to another. And instead of filling out worksheets, they’re organizing information in meaningful ways.

Decide which ones to skip and which ones to linger on. Too, twenty-seven weeks is a relaxed pace for most families.

Too, you decide which crafts, field trips and living books you want to include.

Free 27 Week American History Study through Lapbooking

Some lapbooks have more resources added to them and others less.

Some topics have two or three lapbooks, but then again, the topics like the American Revolution and presidents, you could spend two or three weeks on.

Also, instead of rushing through hundreds of years of history, your kids spend time exploring one topic each week.

MORE LAPBOOKS ABOUT AMERICAN HISTORY

  • Lewis and Clark Fun Homeschool Lapbook
  • BEST Westward Ho Lapbook!
  • Daniel Boone – North American Explorer
  • Iroquois Lapbook
  • Plains Indians. Unit Study & Lapbook
  • The Trail of Tears 1820 – 1845 Lapbook
  • Free American History Lapbook – The Old West Through the Life of Wyatt Earp
  • History of the Texas Cowboy, Cattle Drives, and Chisholm Trail
  • Free Texas Homeschool Lapbook and Fun Homeschool Unit Study Ideas
American History Lapbooks | Christopher Columbus
American History | Colonial America Lapbook
American History | George Washington Lapbook
American History | American Revolution Lapbook
American History | Bill of Rights
American History | Oregon Trail Lapbook
American History | Civil War Lapbook
American History | Titanic Lapbook
American History | Pearl Harbor
American History | Christopher Columbus Lapbook
American History | Benjamin Franklin Lapbook
American History | Kaya an American Girl Lapbook
American History | American Revolution Lapbook
American History | Lewis and Clark
American History | Annie Oakley Lapbook
American History | Amelia Earhart
American History | World War 1
American History | Martin Luther King Jr.
American History | Colonial America Lapbook
American History | George Washington Lapbook
American History | Revolution Lapbook
American History | US Constitution
American History | Abraham Lincoln Lapbook
American History | Pony Express
American History | FBI Lapbook Study
American History | World War 2
American History | September 11, 2001

At the end of 27 weeks, students don’t just finish a history curriculum—they have a collection of interactive lapbooks that tell the story of America from beginning to end.

Besides, history isn’t only about remembering the past. It’s about asking questions. The lapbooks you decide to cover can be as complete or open ended as you determine for each learner.

Free 27 Week American History Study through Lapbooking In Chronological Order @ Tina's Dynamic Homeschool Plus

Also, you’ll love these other history resources

  • 35 Simple But Powerful American History Homeschool Resources K to 12
  • 100 BEST Hands-on Free Native American Resources
  • 50 Free History Unit Studies–History Lover’s Round Up.

Hugs and love ya,

16 CommentsFiled Under: 1. My FREE Learning Printables {Any Topic}, Hands-On Activities, History Resources, Lapbooks Tagged With: american history, hands on history, hands-on activities, handson, handsonhomeschooling, lapbook

How To Make An Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Clay Tablet & Free Chart

May 27, 2026 | Leave a Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

The study of ancient civilizations is one of the most interesting parts of history to me, especially Ancient Phoenicia. Also, look at my page Free Ancient Phoenicia Lapbook For Kids Who Love Hands-on History I’ve enjoyed teaching about Ancient Civilizations and their contributions that have led to some of the great inventions and resources that we still use today.

In this lesson, kids can learn about the ancient Phoenicians and the alphabet that they developed as well as creating their own clay tablet with Phoenician writing.

How To Make An Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Clay Tablet & Free Chart

Phoenicia was actually a group of city-states. It was established in the area that we now know as Syria, Lebanon, and northern Israel.

These city states began forming around 3200 BC and around 1500 BC, Two of it’s most well-known city states were Tyre and Sidon.

In Scripture, Phoenicia is the area known as Canaan.

The Phoenicians were an ocean people.

ANCIENT PHOENICIA RESOURCES & BOOKS FOR KIDS

Then, look at a few of these resources.

7 Ancient Phoenicia (Modern Day Lebanon, Syria & Northern Israel) Books or Set In Ancient Phoenicia

Add some of these fun resources to your unit study or study for the day of Ancient Civilizations.

Image for Ancient Israelites and Their Neighbors: An Activity Guide (Cultures of the Ancient World)

Ancient Israelites and Their Neighbors: An Activity Guide (Cultures of the Ancient World)

Children can try their hand at re-creating ancient Israelite culture—along with the cultures of their neighbors, the Philistines and Phoenicians—in a way that will provide perspective on current events. The book covers a key period from the Israelites’ settlement in Canaan in 1200 B.C.E. to their return from exile in Babylonia in 538 B.C.E. This part of the Middle East—no larger than modern-day Michigan—was the birthplace of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. More than 35 projects include stomping grapes into juice, building a model Phoenician trading ship, making a Philistine headdress, and writing on a broken clay pot. Israelites', Phoenicians', and Philistines' writing and languages, the way they built their homes, the food they ate, the clothes they wore, and the work they did, and of course, their many interesting stories.

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Image for Activity Study: Great Empires
Photo Credit: store.homeschoolinthewoods.com

Activity Study: Great Empires

Included in this study are over 35 projects, games, recipes, links, and the history of fourteen empires! Generally, each empire's materials can be covered in 1-3 days

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Image for History Pockets: Ancient Civilizations, Grades 1-3

History Pockets: Ancient Civilizations, Grades 1-3

The book includes the following pockets:

  • What Is History?
  • Ancient Mesopotamia
  • Ancient Egypt
  • Ancient Greece
  • Ancient Rome
  • Ancient China
  • Ancient Aztec World

This resource contains teacher support pages, reproducible student pages, and an answer key.

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Image for Explore the Old City of Aleppo: Come with Tamim to a World Heritage Site

Explore the Old City of Aleppo: Come with Tamim to a World Heritage Site

Explore the Old City of Aleppo: Come with Tamim to a World Heritage Site

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Image for Other Words for Home: A Newbery Honor Award Winner

Other Words for Home: A Newbery Honor Award Winner

A gorgeously written, hopeful middle grade novel in verse about a young girl who must leave Syria to move to the United States, perfect for fans of Jason Reynolds and Aisha Saeed.

Jude never thought she’d be leaving her beloved older brother and father behind, all the way across the ocean in Syria. But when things in her hometown start becoming volatile, Jude and her mother are sent to live
in Cincinnati with relatives.

Read More
Image for The Source: A Novel

The Source: A Novel

In his signature style of grand storytelling, James A. Michener transports us back thousands of years to the Holy Land. Through the discoveries of modern archaeologists excavating the site of Tell Makor, Michener vividly re-creates life in an ancient city and traces the profound history of the Jewish people—from the persecution of the early Hebrews, the rise of Christianity, and the Crusades to the founding of Israel and the modern conflict in the Middle East. An epic tale of love, strength, and faith, The Source is a richly written saga that encompasses the history of Western civilization and the great religious and cultural ideas that have shaped our world.

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Image for The Phoenician Cities of Sidon and Tyre | Ancient Mediterranean Cultures

The Phoenician Cities of Sidon and Tyre | Ancient Mediterranean Cultures

In this book, your child will learn to identify on the map where the ancient world of Phoenicia was located. He/she will also learn how unique Phoenicia was compared to the present-day countries in the sense that it was made up of city-states. The most important of these city-states are Sidon and Tyre, both of which will be explained in this book. Grab a copy today.

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Phoenicia was a very popular place for trading and manufacturing. They worshiped many gods and goddesses.

About the Phoenicians

One was their god of the sea- Yamm, and they put horses heads on their mighty ships to honor him. They were known for the manufacturing of the powerful ships, for glass-making, and for the making of their famous purple dye.

The name Phoenicia comes from the Greek word for purple. In fact, they were sometimes called the “purple people” because the dye they made would stain their skin purple.

The famous historian Herodotus gives Phoenicia the credit for the invention of the alphabet.

They supposedly brought the alphabet to Greece sometime before the 8th century BC.

Hands-on Ancient Phoenicia: Alphabet Clay Tablet Craft. Your kids will love this easy hands-on history craft if you’re looking to study the Ancient Phoenicians.

Most of the western languages that we know today came from the Phoenician alphabet.

And the Phoenician city of Byblos where papyrus was manufactured and traded gave the Bible its name- through the Greek words Ta Biblia, “the books”.

The Phoenician Alphabet

The Phoenician alphabet that was later passed on to other countries and cultures developed around the 15th century BC. Before that, the Phoenicians used a form of cuneiform writing.

The alphabet spread so rapidly and to so many places because the Phoenicians were such avid traders and sailed around trading with many different peoples.

Most of the writings that have been discovered from the Phoenicians have to do with trade and business.

The alphabet had twenty-two letters. It was read from right to left in diagonal lines. The shapes of the letters came from an earlier Egyptian form of hieroglyphics.

Their shapes came from the meanings of the symbols. For example, the first letter- aleph– means ox. And it’s shape looks a little like the head of an ox.

All of the letters in the Phoenician alphabet are consonants. The vowel sounds were added in when the language was spoken.

The Phoenician alphabet was different from other systems of writing that came before because instead of having a symbol to represent every word, the symbols actually represented letters that were put together to make words.

Occasionally- but not always- the Phoenicians put a straight line in between words to separate them.

This is what the Phoenician alphabet looked like.

Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft

Clay Tablet With Phoenician Writing

Although the Phoenicians often wrote on papyrus, they also occasionally wrote on stone tablets or gold panels and later on parchment and wax tablets.

When they wrote in clay, they used a stylus to inscribe the letters into the clay. In our activity, we’re going to use clay to write on and a wooden dowel as our stylus. So we’ll create a clay tablet with Phoenician writing.

Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft

Materials Needed:

  • Clay- You can use a variety of clay types, but you want a clay that is going to dry and maintain its shape- not just crumble like playdough. Modeling clay works well or a homemade clay that will dry out well without crumbling.
  • Wooden dowel or toothpick to write with
  • Phoenician alphabet chart – (You can grab it at the bottom by adding your email and downloading it instantly.)
Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft

Procedure:

Roll out your clay and shape it into a rectangle- or as close as you can get. We tried for a rectangle because we wanted our clay tablets to look “authentic.”
Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft
Use your wooden dowel or toothpick to copy the letter shapes from the chart onto your clay. You can also use the tip of a broken pencil. (We like to adapt and use what we have.)
Remember that this alphabet only contains consonants, so you won’t use the vowels of your name.
Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft
See what other words you can write using the alphabet. Because there are no vowels used, you can write words and see if others can decipher what you’ve written. Although this alphabet is supposed to be read diagonally from right to left, we used the traditional straight across left to write because it was easier.
Also, I wanted to let you know about this. If you’re looking for more hands-on history, we love using Home School in the Woods.
Once you’ve written the name or message you want to keep, let your clay tablet harden over night. If you use a colorless flour-based clay, you could paint your tablets as well. I use an all-natural dough that comes in earthy colors, so we didn’t paint ours.
Ancient Phoenicia Alphabet Craft
Most historians agree that the most important legacy that the Phoenicians left behind was their alphabet. It’s been changed and added to, but it is the basis for the alphabet that we still use today.

Now, how to grab the freebie.  It’s a subscriber freebie.

HOW TO GET THE FREE PRINTABLE PHOENICIAN ALPHABET CHART

That means when you sign up to follow me, you get my emails in your inbox and you get this freebie.

1) CLICK HERE ON THIS LINK TO SIGN UP ON MY EMAIL LIST & TO GET THIS FREEBIE.

2) Grab the freebie instantly.

3) Last, look for all my emails in your inbox. Glad to have you following me!

You’ll love these other activities:

Written by Leah from As We Walk Along the Road

  • Ancient Phoenicia Minibook = Modern Day Lebanon
  • Hands-on History Activities for Learning about Ancient Civilizations
  • Hands-On Ancient Greece Study: Politics and Pottery
  • Amazing Hands-on History Activities for 14 Ancient Empires (free notebook cover too)
Hands-on Ancient Phoenicia: Alphabet Clay Tablet Craft. Your kids will love this easy hands-on history craft if you’re looking to study the Ancient Phoenicians.

Leave a CommentFiled Under: 1. My FREE Learning Printables {Any Topic}, Geography Based, Hands-On Activities, History Based, History Resources Tagged With: ancient civilizations, hands on history, hands-on, hands-on activities, handson, handsonhomeschooling, Phoenicia

6 Unit Study Resources: Mountain Men – Explorers of the West

March 13, 2026 | Leave a Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

I’m sharing six mountain men unit study resources. Also, look at my page BEST Westward Ho Unit Study and Lapbook for more resources.

Whether you’re studying about the American Frontier, fur trade or living off the grid, you’ll bring history alive through studying the tough life of mountain men.

Today, I rounded up six unit study resources to grab for a unit study. Besides explorers and fur traders, they were some of America’s first trail blazers.

6 Unit Study Resources: Mountain Men - Explorers of the West

These rugged adventurers lived in the wilderness, exploring forests, rivers, and snowy mountain ranges. Their lives were full of adventure, danger, and discovery.

They were explorers and fur trappers who lived in the western parts of North America during the early 1800s. They traveled through places like the Rocky Mountains, where few settlers had gone before.

BOOKS ABOUT MOUNTAIN MEN FOR KIDS

Next, look at some fun books to read about their life.

5 Mountain Men Books

Whether you’re learning about mountain men for the day or want to create a unit study, add a book or two to your home library.

Image for Mountain Men: True Grit and Tall Tales

Mountain Men: True Grit and Tall Tales

In 1804, Lewis and Clark set out to find the fabled Northwest Passage to the Pacific, mounting the first expedition across the uncharted territory of President Jefferson's Louisiana Purchase. Though they never found the nonexistent Northwest Passage-or the lost tribes of Israel, rumored to be living in the Great American Desert-they did discover that the entire region west of the Mississippi was swarming with beaver. And so began the American fur trade, as the first tough trappers headed out to make their fortunes in beaver pelts.

Read More
Image for My Side of the Mountain

My Side of the Mountain

Twelve-year-old Sam Gribley is terribly unhappy living in his family’s crowded New York City apartment. One day—armed with just a penknife, a ball of red cord, forty dollars, some flint and steel, and the clothes on his back—he decides to run away to his grandfather’s abandoned farm in the Catskill Mountains, to live in the woods all by
himself. There, Sam must rely on his own ingenuity and the resources of the great outdoors to survive, as he discovers a side of himself he never knew existed.

Read More
Image for Dan Frontier

Dan Frontier

The books follow Dan Frontier, a pioneer who protects settlers, rescues friends from dangers like wolves and wildcats, and interacts with Native Americans on the early American frontier

Read More
Image for Grizzly Killer: The Making of a Mountain Man

Grizzly Killer: The Making of a Mountain Man

When Zach Connors and his pa left their Kentucky homestead in the summer of 1824 to see the Rocky Mountains, he didn’t realize he would never see his childhood home again or that he would find love, friendship, fame, and a new home in this wild and harsh wilderness. After a grizzly kills his pa, Zach struggles to survive a cold and brutal winter alone. After killing a rouge grizzly and fighting hostile Indians on his own, he becomes known as Grizzly Killer and is respected throughout the West. Along with his dog, Jimbo, whom the Indians call the Great Medicine Dog, he finds Running Wolf, an injured Ute warrior, and together they fight off a hostile war party. They rescue two Shoshone sisters from the brutality of a French trapper and take them as wives. After Zach saves Running Wolf’s beautiful sister, Shining Star, he is expected to take her as a second wife, but his Christian beliefs conflict with the Indian traditions, and he struggles within himself to
accept the Indian ways

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Image for The Mountain Men: The Dramatic History And Lore Of The First Frontiersmen

The Mountain Men: The Dramatic History And Lore Of The First Frontiersmen

To know how the West was really won, start with the exploits of these unsung mountain men who, like the legendary Jeremiah Johnson, were real buckskin survivalists. Preceded only by Lewis and Clark, beaver fur trappers roamed the river valleys and mountain ranges of the West, living on fish and game, fighting or trading with the Native Americans, and forever heading toward the untamed wilderness.

Read More

TRAILBLAZERS

This guide Trappers, Traders, and Trailblazers: Mountain Men in the Rocky Mountain West is a great start to dive into learning about mountain men.

Next, this super helpful free teacher’s guide about the beaver is chock full of information.

It has a unit on fur trade, mountain men lifestyle, and legends of the mountain men. Look below at the expansive unit for a unit on fur trade and lifestyle.

And even though it mentions items in a trunk, it’s really helpful in understanding artifacts and every day items used by mountain men.

Read about the items they used and a few them look like they could be easily made.

This next fun guide talks about the importance of being able to identify animal tracks along with the animal tracks labeled. Click here for Tracking” Down the Secret Code / North American Animal “Who am I”

It has a handwritten letter which is a primary source and a lesson about beavers.

Hands-on History and Geography

More units like the Language of a Trapper, Rendezvous, Mountain Man Tales, and Indian Wives of the Mountain Men are a few of the fun and interesting units in this expansive unit.

6 Unit Study Resources: Mountain Men - Explorers of the West

This is an interesting read for your middle or high school kid. While it doesn’t have pictures, it’s the diary of Jedediah Strong Smith, a mountain men. It describes the perils he faced each day.

Lastly, this link Mountain Man Artifact Kit has a lot of background information about the fur trade and the ways of the mountain men.

Download them and add to them a unit study about geography or use them for a mini unit study.

6 Unit Study Resources: Mountain Men - Explorers of the West

Also, you’ll like my posts:

  • 30 Fun Resources for Learning About Daniel Boone
  • Westward Ho! Lapbook {Time period we covered 1803 to 1890}
  • 100 Oregon Trail Homeschool History Resources

Leave a CommentFiled Under: Geography, Geography Based, Hands-On Activities, History Based, History Resources Tagged With: explorers, frontier, geography, hands on history, hands-on, hands-on activities, handson, history, history resources, homeschoolgeography, mountain men, unit studies, westward expansion, westwardho

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