history

STEM: Build a Da Vinci Parachute Activity

October 3, 2017 | 3 Comments
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I have a fun stem build a Da Vinci parachute activity. Also, look at my unit study and lapbook Renaissance 1300 to 1600.

This year I’ve developed a whole year of STEM activities to go along with our science standards.

We study a new inventor each month. This month it was Leonardo Da Vinci!

Studying about Leonardo da Vinci can combine two subjects kids usually don’t consider as similar: art and science.

When you can tie the arts, engineering, math, and science into a project; you’ll have kids who are going to be able to creatively solve problems their whole life.

Combining many different facets of learning keeps kids engaged and focused in their schoolwork.

Physical Science STEM: Build a Da Vinci Parachute Activity. Studying about Leonardo da Vinci can combine two subjects kids usually don’t consider as similar: art and science. Click here to add this fun hands-on science activity to your unit study!

When kids begin to understand there is a creative aspect to science, they become more interested and excited to dive into deeper science concepts.

These activities are perfect to use with a Leonardo da Vinci study. You can combine them with an art study, and have a whole Leonardo da Vinci unit!

I chose to build and test da Vinci’s parachute. After studying his sketches, we used math concepts such as perimeter and isosceles triangle constructions.

This also uses physical science such as gravity, mass, and air resistance.

Da Vinci Parachute STEM Activity

What You’ll Need:

1 piece of graph paper
Four ⅛ inch dowel rods; 12 inches long (Don’t pre cut these)
Four ⅛ inch dowel rods; 16 inches long (Don’t pre cut these)
4 pieces of string; 18 inches long
masking tape
thin paper for the covering
5 paper clips per parachute
ruler

We began this project by doing a bit of research on Da Vinci as an inventor. We researched his sketches and found out many of his sketches were ideas of inventions that we use today.

Then we began the project.

Making a Hands-On Da Vinci Parachute

The first step was to sketch out the blueprints. To get in a little math, I gave the kids the following problem to solve:

The square base of the pyramid will be 144 sq feet. Each square represents 2 inches. How many inches will each side of the base be? Draw it out on your graph paper.

After checking to see if the kids had drawn a 12 x 12 square, it was time to cut the dowel rods into 4 12” pieces.

You may need to use craft scissors to cut through the dowel rods.

Next, we used as little masking tape as possible to connect the 4 dowel rods into a square base.

Then it was on to the triangular sides.

By presenting another math problem, the kids were able to find out how long the isosceles triangle had to be. Here’s the math problem:

Renaissance Inventor Da Vinci Parachute

The total perimeter of the isosceles triangular sides is 44”. Since we already know the base is 12”, what will be the length of the other sides?

To solve the problem the kids had to subtract 44 from 12 to get 32.

Then they would divide 32 by 2 to get 16. The triangular sides will be 16” long.

The remaining dowel rods should be cut to provide 4 16” rods. These rods are then carefully taped onto the base of the parachute.

When the triangle pieces are all taped together and lying flat, it’s time to cover the sides of the parachute with very light paper.

To do this, we traced around the outside of the triangles and then used as little tape as possible to attach the paper.

Then it was time for the strings. This was the hardest part. You must cut four 18” strings.

To keep them from getting tangled, tie all 4 strings together at one end and then make a little loop and tape up each individual string at the other end.

You will then loop a paper clip through each loop. Use one more paper clip at the top of the strings, to connect all of the strings to the top of the parachute. The strings should be hanging down the middle of the parachute.

Model of Leonardo’s Parachute

To test out our design, we connected each individual string onto a washer.

We used the school playground castle to drop our parachute and to see how long it would hang in the air. We tested different weights to see how we could achieve the longest hang time.

Here’s a recap of the project:

Step 1: Cut and tape together 4 12” dowel rods to form a square.

Step 2: Cut and tape onto the square 4 16” dowel rods to form 2 isosceles triangles. Lay flat.

Step 3: Trace the triangles with light paper to cover the parachute. Use tape to attach the paper

Step 4: Cut 4 18” pieces of string and tie together at one end. Then make a small loop at the end of each string and use a little tape to keep the loop.

Step 5: Attach a paperclip to each loop and and one at the top where the strings are tied together. Use that paper clip to attach the strings to the middle of the parachute.

Step 6: Attach a washer to the 4 paper clips and then find a spot to test your parachute.

This was a highly engaging activity that my kids loved. They learned a lot about Leonardo Da Vinci, a lot about mass, gravity, and air resistance, balance, and a little about perimeter and shapes.

STEM: Build a Da Vinci Parachute Activity

I’m so glad that we took on the challenge of designing Da Vinci’s parachute!

Share more hands-on history learning below!

Hands-On History: Make a Coat of Arms Activity (Middle Ages History)

October 1, 2017 | Leave a Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

Written by Selena at Look! We’re Learning!

I’m extremely fascinated by the Middle Ages. I know that the reality of that time was far less romantic than novels and films make it seem, but the castles and the jousting tournaments and the costumes are just wonderful to think of.

In those years (and in the years since), royal and noble families have had a coat of arms to show what they’ve accomplished in their history. And, while the coat of arms is often associated with Medieval Europe, it’s actually been used all over the world – from China to Senegal.

To learn more about how these designs were used and passed down through families, we decided to make our own coat of arms! See how you can do the same for a hands-on history lesson!

Hands-On History: Make a Coat of Arms

A coat of arms is a special design made for a distinguished person or family. The design varies, depending on the family’s (or person’s) accomplishments, titles, and positions.

Each part of the coat of arms actually has a name. The top third is called the “field” and the bottom two-thirds is called the “escutcheon”, which is actually a small shield within the larger shield.

Everything on a coat of arms is significant and meaningful. The colors, symbols, choice of animals, patterns, and designs can all denote something different.

The design of a coat of arms can vary greatly, according to family or country. For example, this is the coat of arms of the country of Botswana.

Now compare that one to this one that belongs to the Duke of Westminster.

There’s a lot going on there, right?

For our coat of arms, we went with a much, much simpler design, but it incorporates some of the significant colors, symbols, and patterns we read about.

To do the activity yourself, you’ll need the following:

Printer paper
Cardstock
Scissors
Glue
Blank coat of arms printable
Coat of arms animal symbols printable
Mirror facing coat of arms animal symbols printable

Start by printing out the coat of arms and the animal symbols.

I didn’t have white cardstock, so I printed ours on a white piece of printer paper and then glued it on the grey cardstock we had. Then we cut it out.

If you have white cardstock, you can skip that step and just print the coat of arms directly on that.

Now, it’s time to choose your animal symbols! I only included four in this printable, but there are truly scores of different animals that have been used on coats of arms through the years. And they all have a different meaning.

The animals in the printable mean the following:

Griffin – means valor & bravery
Pegasus – means poetic genius (as an English major, I had to include that one)
Horse – means ready for battle
Bird – means peace & affection

Then it was time to choose our coat of arms colors! As we learned, blue means truth & loyalty, so we colored the “field” blue.

Then we added our animals.

And we surrounded them with orange, which means “worthy ambition & work”. Also because it looked cool.

Finally, we learned that furs denoted nobility, so you could add a fur-like pattern to your coat of arms to show that you were of the upper class of society. One of those fur patterns was white with black spots – like a Dalmatian. We went with that.

As I kept looking at it, though, it just didn’t look right. Then it hit me! The animals are supposed to be facing each other!

Ahhhh….that’s better! Be sure to print both pages of the animal symbols so that you can choose two animals that will face one another on the coat of arms.

This was so neat to do! We didn’t know that the coat of arms was so full of meaning, so this was a great hands-on lesson to learn about that.

Looking for an easy hands-on middles ages history activity? Your kids will love making their own coat of arms. Scoot by and download the activity at Tina's Dynamic Homeschool Plus!

Check out these other hands-on history projects kids can do!

7 Unique Ways to Supplement U.S. History for High School

September 30, 2017 | 1 Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

When I was taking paralegal courses after high school, I had an assignment to read Wills and Deeds from the 1800s at the local courthouse.

Losing track of time was easy as I was absorbed in reading not only legal language, but reading the household property that was bequeathed to family members.

Engaging US History

It was like stepping back in time as I read about the lives of past Americans. It was fascinating and stirred a love of not only the history of law, but of American history.

Remembering that time in my life, I was determined to supplement U.S. history for high school in a creative way.

I’ve rounded up 7 unique ways to supplement U.S. history for high school because engaging ways to learn history for high school can easily be overlooked.

One/ Read old documents.

Planning a trip to the courthouse to have your teen read old documents which are public record is a fun field trip for a teen.

Also, we used primary resources from Jackdaws when we read about Lewis and Clark.

Scanning, studying, and analyzing old documents are a wonderful way to allow a teen not only a chance to step back in time, but to develop critical thinking skills.

Two/ Historical reenactment.

Many areas in the states put on historical reenactments whether it’s the American Civil War or visiting the Plimoth Plantation.

Remembering the past by visiting and participating in historical reenactments is another way of bringing meaning to past events.

Instead of focusing on the terrible woes of war, we tried to focus on people that lived during that time and how they were were affected by the decisions made.

Three/ Watching documentaries or movies.

Using documentaries as a unit study opener is a great way to engage your high school kid.

I’m always looking at ways to connect what we’re learning about to a movie so that it’s more memorable.

Look at this quick list that hopefully will stir you or your teen’s creative juices:

Gone With the Wind
Lincoln
Amistad
The Searchers
Drums Along the Mohawk
The Alamo
Davy Crockett
Wyatt Earp
Far and Away
History of Henry Ford

Four/ Visit historical homes or towns.

Visiting a section of town like the French Quarter in New Orleans which is full of history widens your teens’ love of how other cultures influenced America, immigration issues, and architect.

Also, tour famous historical homes like the White House or Monticello.

Some homes are more famous than others, but many towns have a historical home or two preserved.

What better way to learn about Amelia Earhart than to visit her birthplace in Kansas?

Five/ Use American artifacts.

Whether it’s blue jeans or Fiestaware, this is a great site with a free teaching guide and writing activities using artifacts from American culture to teach history.

Six/ Field trips. And not to the Zoo.

Let’s just face it. Field trips at the high school level may seem harder to find. They are, but there are also many opportunities to extend a teen’s learning past a textbook on a field trip.

It may take a bit more creative wit, but the opportunities are there. Unless your teen is planning to be a zookeeper (which is great too) he probably has been to the zoo many times.

Look at these ideas for field trips for a teen that bring history alive:

Plan to attend a trial in the local courthouse or a court docket call. Check with the bailiff because he is the person that deals with the public. He may recommend an upcoming trial that would be permissible for your teen to sit in. We did this one time and my boys never forgot it.
I planned a trip to the federal money reserve for our teens to learn about the federal government and how money is made.
Our local ferry was a great way to learn about the history of the port and about early life on the coast.
Living near a major college, we watched showtimes for plays about history and got invited one time by local students.

SEVEN/ Supplement American history through reading about the life of an American.

We love the series of books by Genevieve Foster like George Washington’s World and Abraham Lincoln’s World.

Instead of thinking about the events in American history as isolated from the rest of the world, these books tie in other world events happening simultaneously as key American history events.

Studying U.S. history can be challenging when trying to make it engaging for a teen. Add one or two of these ideas and your teen won’t easily forget some of the key events of U.S. history.

I've rounded up 7 unique ways to supplement U.S. history for high school because engaging ways to learn history for high school can easily be overlooked. Click here to grab these AWESOME ideas!

6 Unit Study Resources: Mountain Men – Explorers of the West

September 16, 2017 | Leave a Comment
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

Whether you’re studying about the American Frontier, fur trade or mountain living, you’ll bring history alive through studying the tough life of mountain men.

Today, I rounded up six unit study resources to grab for a mountain men unit study. Besides explorers and fur traders, they were some of America’s first trail blazers.

Mountain Men Trailblazers

This 3 page teacher’s guide has vocabulary words like ploo and rendezvous along with teaching skills of self-sufficiency and hardiness. I also like that it incorporates learning about the importance of rivers to mountain men. So, you can add a bit of geography, history, and science.

Next, this super helpful free teacher’s guide and lessons about the beaver is chock full of information.

It has a unit on fur trade, mountain men lifestyle, and legends of the mountain men.

And even though it mentions items in a trunk, it’s really helpful in understanding artifacts and every day items used by mountain men.

Read about the items they used and a few them look like they could be easily made.

This next fun guide talks about the importance of being able to identify animal tracks along with the animal tracks labeled. Click here for Tracking” Down the Secret Code / North American Animal “Who am I”

It has a handwritten letter which is a primary source and a lesson about beavers.

Hands-on History and Geography

More units like the Language of a Trapper, Rendezvous, Mountain Man Tales, and Indian Wives of the Mountain Men are a few of the fun and interesting units in this expansive unit.

This is an interesting read for your middle or high school kid. While it doesn’t have pictures, it’s the diary of Jedediah Strong Smith, a mountain men. It describes the perils he faced each day.

Lastly, this website Mountain Men: Pathfinders of the West has a lot of background information about the fur trade and the ways of the mountain men.

Download them and add to them a unit study about geography or use them for a mini unit study.

Also, you’ll like my posts:

Hugs and love ya,

Middle Ages Hands-on History: Make a Codex Activity

September 11, 2017 | 2 Comments
This post may contain affiliate links. For more information, please see my full disclosure policy.

Written by Selena of Look! We’re Learning!

I am a huge bookworm. HUGE. If I was left alone on a desert island with a choice between food or books, I’d have to make myself choose the food. That’s just how much I love to read.

As we started studying the Middle Ages, we learned a lot about the beginning of the publishing industry, to which what we owe our modern-day books. It turns out that present-day paper books began with the invention of the codex, the first truly portable written document.

After finding out how codices were made in the Middle Ages, we decided to make one of our own!

Middle Ages History: Make a Codex Activity

The codex was actually invented during the Roman Empire, centuries before the Middle Ages began. Prior to its creation, most important documents, such as literature, speeches, and journals, were kept on scrolls or pieces of parchment.

Since these methods were so bulky, something more convenient was needed, especially for documents that needed to be transported across long distances. Some historians say that Julius Caesar was the first person to develop the idea of a notebook of folded and bound pages, but there is some uncertainty about this.

Either way, the codex (folding pages into small packets and then sewing them into a bound book) quickly became the standard for publishing and distributing literature. In fact, if you look behind the spine of a thick book, you’ll see the individual packets of paper sewn together that make up the book. This is basically a codex in itself.

To make our codex, we decided to focus on a codex from the Middle Ages: The Peterborough Chronicle. This document, which dates back to the 12th century, chronicles the establishment of the British Empire.

To make your own codex, you’ll need the following supplies:

Pieces of blank unlined paper
Yarn needle
Seam ripper (or X-Acto knife) *Be sure to use adult supervision when working with sharp objects.*
Bulky yarn
Ruler
Pencil
Chisel-point marker

Begin by folding the pages in half. You’ll want to make several packets of three to four pages. For our codex, we folded six packets of three pages each.

We used a seam ripper to begin punching holes in the first packet. After a few holes, though, we swapped it out for an X-Acto knife, which worked better. If you have an awl, that would probably work even better.

We lined up the packets to draw the holes and then punched them in the same spots to make sure the holes would line up for sewing the codex together. Interestingly, when publishers created codices, they also had to make the paper sewing holes by hand. This process was called “pricking”.

Now it’s time to sew the codex together. Thread the yarn through the eye of the yarn needle and insert the needle into the first sewing hole through all the codex packets.

Hands-on Middle Ages History

After pulling the needle all the way through, bring the yarn back around and thread the needle through again to secure the first stitch. Then move down to the next pricked hole in the codex.

Stitch in this same manner all the way down the side of the codex.

When you get to the end, pull the yarn back through the last stitch vertically.

Cut the thread to bind off the sewing. Do the same at the top.

You’re ready to add writing to your codex now! In the Middle Ages, it was common to line the pages of a codex with ink to make it easier for scribes to write neatly. Just like ruled notebook paper we have today!

Use a ruler and a pencil to draw writing lines on your codex pages. Be sure to leave space for the first letter of the work to be about three lines in length.

Like so. The first page of the Peterborough Chronicle is written in Old English, which looks very different than modern English. Thankfully, the content has been translated. That was the source material for our codex.

Use a chisel-tip marker to write in your codex and you’re done!

This would be a great extended activity for history! Let the kids find a historical codex and write a paragraph or two from it each day! You could even include pieces from several codices and let the kids discover the kinds of content that would have been considered valuable enough to publish in this manner centuries ago.

As we started studying the Middle Ages, we learned a lot about the beginning of the publishing industry, to which what we owe our modern-day books. Click here to learn how to make this fun codex!

You’ll also love to read about How to Teach History in 14 Lessons (From Daunting to Doable) and Medieval Homeschool History – 4 Surefire Ways to Beat a Boring Study.

Learn more about the Middle Ages with these activities!